Muscles of respiration: (ref : snells anatomy,tsr )
Diaphragm is the primary muscle for respiration
Inspiration: Diaphragm ,external intercostals
Expiration : Internal intercoastal muscles,abdominal muscles
Secondary muscles of inspiration-
1) sternocleidomastoideus
2) scalenes
3) pectoralis major
4) pectoralis minor
5) serratus anterior ,serratus posterior ,superior
7)upper iliocostalis
8 ) upper trapezius
9) l atissimus dorsi
10)erector spinae muscles of the back.
Secondary muscles of expiration
11) external oblique
12) internal oblique
13) rectus abdominus
14) lower iliocostalis
15) lower longissimus
16) serratus posterior inferior
Diaphragm is the primary muscle for respiration
Inspiration: Diaphragm ,external intercostals
Expiration : Internal intercoastal muscles,abdominal muscles
Secondary muscles of inspiration-
1) sternocleidomastoideus
2) scalenes
3) pectoralis major
4) pectoralis minor
5) serratus anterior ,serratus posterior ,superior
7)upper iliocostalis
8 ) upper trapezius
9) l atissimus dorsi
10)erector spinae muscles of the back.
Secondary muscles of expiration
11) external oblique
12) internal oblique
13) rectus abdominus
14) lower iliocostalis
15) lower longissimus
16) serratus posterior inferior
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.Dr.Ilangho