Dog related infections of the lung

Dog related infections of the lung

• PARASITIC INFECTIONS - 

1.  Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid disease) - Dogs are definitive hosts.
2. Toxocara canis (dog roundworm)

      

•  BACTERIAL INFECTIONS -

      1.Capnocytophaga - 

• Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a gram-negative bacterium, which is found in the normal flora of the oropharyngeal tract of dogs and cats.

• Transmitted to human by dogs bite and causes an overwhelming sepsis, particularly in elderly, immunocompromised or asplenic patients  

• Causes meningitis, osteomyelitis, arthritis, lung abscess or empyema and endocarditis,  thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome

      2.Bordetella bronchiseptica  - 

• A gram-negative rod bacterium , normally lives in the upper respiratory tract of the mammals such as dogs and cats and is transmitted to humans by aerosol.  

• Human infection with B. bronchiseptica is very rare; however, it can also cause pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infection in dog owners.

      3.Pasteurella multocida

• From dog bites, licks, or close contact.

• Can cause pneumonia, empyema, or lung abscess, especially in people with chronic lung disease.

      4.Coxiella burnetii - causes Q fever in humans. The pathogen normally infects individuals via aerosol and direct contact with the body fluids of the infected animals.

      5. Leptospira  - L. interrogans is an aerobic spirochete

• Rodents are the major reservoirs for Leptospirosis; however, domestic animals including dogs can play an important role in leptospirosis transmission in endemic regions.

• Fungal (less common)

• Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Cryptococcus